Giselle Leung, PharmD, BCGP
PharmD, BCGP
Board-Certified Geriatric Pharmacist · Freelance Medical Writer & Medical Editor
Profile last updated: September 2026
Articles by Giselle Leung, PharmD, BCGP
- How to test for insulin resistanceNo routine clinical test directly diagnoses insulin resistance. Clinicians use standardized glucose and A1C tests to diagnose prediabetes and diabetes. Surrogate indices like HOMA-IR, TyG, and TG/HDL-C depend on assay, formula, units, and population.
- What is insulin resistance?Insulin resistance is when a given amount of insulin produces less of its expected effect on the body's tissues. It usually causes no symptoms and often exists before glucose levels change.
About
Giselle Leung is a well-rounded pharmacist with over 10 years of experience across multiple practice settings (retail, community, and long-term care) and is a Board-Certified Geriatric Pharmacist (BCGP). She combines deep clinical pharmacy experience with expertise in medication management, patient education, and evidence-based healthcare communication.
As a freelance medical writer and editor, Giselle synthesizes information from a range of scientific sources to produce up-to-date, evidence-based recommendations and detailed consumer health information. She is inquisitive by nature and collaborates cross-functionally with healthcare providers and organizations to build strong interpersonal relationships and promote better patient outcomes.
Contributions to InsulinResistance.org
For InsulinResistance.org, Giselle writes evidence-based consumer health content, including our overview of what insulin resistance is and our guide to how insulin resistance is tested.